| All priests of the Russian tradition also wear a silver (sometimes gold) cross over the phelonion or cassock. Greek and other Orthodox clergy only wear the pectoral cross (usually a jeweled or enameled cross) if they have been awarded this as a mark of special honor. The jeweled cross is also reserved for very senior priests in the Slavic Orthodox tradition. The bishop wears, in and out of church, a jeweled medallion or panagia over the chest of his cassock, normally featuring an icon of the Virgin Mary. Archbishops and metropolitans are denoted by a second engolpion (meaning “that which is worn on the breast”) featuring Christ, or a jeweled pectoral cross alongside the panagia. In the liturgy the bishop also wears the mitre which is modeled on the ancient Byzantine imperial crown. In some Slavic traditions the mitre can be awarded as a sign of honor to an archpriest or higumen. The bishop’s mitre is surmounted by a cross, while a mitred- archpriest’s is not. A bishop will also carry a pastoral staff, usually T-shaped, symbolizing authority to govern. From early medieval times a code of vestment colors was developed to reflect the liturgical seasons: gold or white for normal Sundays, green for feasts of the Spirit, red for the Lord’s festivals, purple for Holy Week, and white for Pascha. Plate 77 A convent workshop in Romania. The monastics support themselves from their own labors. Photo by John McGuckin SEE ALSO: Divine Liturgy, Orthodox; Episcopacy; Epitrachelion; Phelonion; Sticharion REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS Chrysostomos, A. (1981) Byzantine Liturgical Dress. Brookline, MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press. Cope, J. (1986) “Vestments,” in J. G. Davies (ed.) A New Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship. London: SCM Canterbury Press. McGuckin, J. A. (2004) “Vestments,” in The Westminster Handbook to Patristics Theology. London: Westminster/John Knox Press. Mayo, J. (1984) A History of Ecclesiastical Dress. New York: Holmes and Meier. Pavan, V. (1992) “Liturgical Vestments,” in A. Di Berardino (ed.) Encyclopedia of the Early Church, vol. 2. Cambridge: James Clarke. Pocknee, C. E. (1960) Liturgical Vesture: Its Origins and Development. London: A. R. Mowbray Читать далее Источник: The Encyclopedia of Eastern Orthodox Christianity/John Anthony McGuckin - Maldin : John Wiley; Sons Limited, 2012. - 862 p. Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное |
| Vol. 3. Ignatius Press, 1993. Balthasar, Hans Urs von. Theo-Drama IV: The Action. San Francisco, 1994. Barth K. Church Dogmatics IV/2. Edinburgh, 1957. Bauckham R . «Only the Suffering God Can help»: divine passibility in modern theology//Themelios. 9.3 (April 1984). P. 6–12. Brasnett B.R. The Suffering of the Impassible God. L., 1928. Braybrooke M. The Resurrection in Christian-Jewish Dialogue//Common Ground. 1991. No 1. Bushnell H. The Vicarious Sacrifice. L., 1866. Cantalamessa R. The Power of the Cross. L., 1966 Doctrine Commission of the General Synod of the Church of England, We Believe in God. L.: Church Publishing House, 1987. Fairbairn A.M. The Place of Christ in Modern Theology. N. Y., 1893. Fiddes P.S. The Creative Suffering of Cod. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988. Galot J. Dieu souffre-t-il? Paris: P. Lethielleux, 1976. Goetz R. The Suffering God: The Rise of a New Orthodoxy//Christian Century. 103 (April 16). 1986. P. 385–389. Griffin D. A Process Christology. Philadelphia, 1973. Harries R. Theodicy Will not Go Away//Dialogue With a Difference. L.: SCM Press, 1992. P. 106–107. Heschel A. The Prophets. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1965. Kitamori. Kazoh. Theology of the Pain of God. London: SCM Press, 1966. Küng H. The Incarnation of God. N. Y., 1987. Macquarrie J . In Search of Deity: An Essay in Dialectical Theism. L.: SCM Press, 1984. McFague Sallie. Models of God: Theology for an Ecological, Nuclear Age. Philadelphia, 1987. McFague Sallie. The Body of God: An Ecologycal Theology. London, 1993. Moltmann Jürgen. Der Weg Jesu Christi: Christologie in messianischen Dimensionen. München, 1989. Moltmann J. The Crucified God. London: SCM Press, 1974. Pittenger N. God in Process. L., 1967. Relton H.M. Studies in Christian Doctrine. L.: Macmillan, 1960. Sarot M. God, Passibility and Corporeality. Kampen: Kok Pharos, 1992. Sarot M. Patripassianism, Theopaschitism, and Suffering of God: Some Historical and Systematic Considerations. Religious Studies. 1990. No. 26, p. |
| Комментарии и монографии Blenkinsopp, J. Deuteronomy. The Book of the Covenant. A Scripture Discussion Outline. London, 1968. . «Deuteronomy». В The Jerome Biblical Commentary. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1969, ч. 1, c. 101–122. Carmichael, С. M. The Laws of Deuteronomy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1974. Childs, B. «Deuteronomy». В Introduction to the Old Testament As Scripture. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1979, c. 202–225. Clements, R. E. God " s Chosen People: A Theological Interpretation of the Book of Deuteronomy. Valley Forge: Judson, 1969. Craigie, P. C. The Book of Deuteronomy. New International Commentary of the Old Testament series. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976. Cunliffe-Jones, H. Deuteronomy. Torch Bible Paperbacks. London: SCM Press, 1951. Finkelstein, L. Sifre on Deuteronomy. New York: Ktav, 1969. Harrison, R. K. Introduction to the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969, c. 635–662. Katifmann, Y. The Religion of Israel. Пер. Moshe Greenberg. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960, c. 172–211. Kitchen, K. A. The Bible in Its World. Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity, 1979, c. 79–85. Kline, М. Treaty of the Great King: The Covenant Structure of Deuteronomy. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963. Lohfink, N. «Deuteronomy». В IDBSuppl, c. 229–232. Manley, G. T. The Book of the Law: Studies in the Date of Deuteronomy. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1957. McCarthy, D. J. Treaty and Covenant. 2-е изд. Rome: Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1978. Moran, W. L. «Deuteronomy». В A New Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture. Camden, NJ: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1969, c. 256–276. Nicholson, E. W. Deuteronomy and Tradition. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967. Phillips, A. C. Deuteronomy. Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: At the University Press, 1973. Polzin, R. Moses and the Denteronomist: A Literary Study of the Deuteronomic History. New York: Seabury, 1980. Rad, G. von. Deuteronomy: A Commentary. Old Testament Library. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1966. . Studies in Deuteronomy. London: SCM Press, 1953. |
| and A.C. McGill, Editors. The Many-faced Argument. Recent Studies on the Ontological Argument for the Existence of God. New York: Macmillan, 1967. Holmes, Arthur F. Philosophy: A Chrisrian Perspective, An Introductory Essay. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1975. Hiibner, Kurt. Critique of Scientific Reason. Translated by Paul R. Dixon and Hollis M. Dixon. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983. Hume, David. Humés Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. Second Edition. Edited by N. Kemp Smith. Edinburgh: Nelson, n.d. . An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Edited by Antony Flew. LaSalle, IL: Open Court, 1988. Originally published in 1748. Hunter, Archibald M. The Gospel According to St. Mark. London: SCM Press LTD, 1953. . Introducing the New Testament. Second Edition. Revised. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1957. . Bible and Gospel. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1969. . Jesus: Lord and Saviour. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976. Jaki, Stanley L. Brain, Mind and Computers. New York: Herder and Herder, 1966. . The Road of Science and rhe Ways ro God. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978. . Cosmos and Creator. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1981; Chicago: Regnery Gateway, 1982. . Angels, Apes and Man. La Salle, IL: Sherwood Sugden and Company, 1983. . «From Scientific Cosmology to Created Universe,» in The Intellectuals Speak Out Abour God, pp. 61–78, reprinted from The Irish Astronomical Journal 15 (March 1982), pp. 253–62. Jastrow, Robert. God and the Astronomers. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1978. Jeremias, Joachim. The Cenrral Message of the New Testament. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1965. Johnson. О. A. «God and St. Anselm.» The Journal of Religion 45 (1965), pp. 326–334. Johnson, S. Lewis, Jr. «I Corinthians.» The Wycliffe Bible Commentary. Edited by Charles F. Pfeiffer and Everett E. Harrison. Nashville: The Southwestern Company, 1962. Kant, Immanuel. Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone. Translated by Theodore M. Greene. New York: Harper and Row, 1960. |
| Lietzmann, «Prozess» Lietzmann, Heinrich. «Der Prozess Jesu.» Sitzenberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, phi1.-hist. Klasse 1931,14 (1934): 310–22. Lifshitz, «Sympathisants» Lifshitz, B. «Du nouveau sur les «sympathisants.»» JSJ 1 (1970): 77–84. Lightfoot, Colossians Lightfoot, J. B. Saint Paul " s Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, n.p.: Macmillan, 1879. Repr., Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1959. Lightfoot, Galatians Lightfoot, J. B. St Paul " s Epistle to the Galatians. 3d ed. London: Macmillan, 1869. Lightfoot, Gospel Lightfoot, R. H. St. John " s Gospel: A Commentary. Edited by C. F. Evans. London: Oxford University Press, 1960. Lightfoot, Notes Lightfoot, J. B. Notes on the Epistles of St Paul (I and II Thess, I Cor 1–7 , Rom 1–7 , Eph 1:1–14 ). Winona Lake, Ind.: Alpha Publications, n.d. Lightfoot, Talmud Lightfoot, John. A Commentary on the New Testament from the Talmud and Hebraica, 4 vols, n.p.: Oxford, 1959. Repr., Grand Rapids: Baker, 1979. Lim, «Alteration Lim, Timothy H. «Eschatological Orientation and the Alteration of Scripture in the Habakkuk Pesher.» Journal of Near Eastern Studies 49 (1990): 185–94. Limbeck, Ordnung Limbeck, M. Die Ordnung des Heils: Untersuchungen zum Gesetzesversändnis des Frühjudentums. Kommentare und Beiträge zum Alten und Neuen Testament. Düsseldorf: Patmos, 1971. Lincoln, Ephesians Lincoln, Andrew T. Ephesians. WBC 42. Dallas: Word, 1990. Lincoln, Lawsuit Motif Lincoln, Andrew T. Truth on Trial: The Lawsuit Motif in the Fourth Gospe1. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000. Lincoln, Paradise Lincoln, Andrew T. Paradise Now and Not Yet: Studies in the Role of the Heavenly Dimension in Paul " s Thought with Special Reference to His Eschatology. SNTSMS 43. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. Lindars, Apologetic Lindars, Barnabas. New Testament Apologetic. London: SCM, 1961. Lindars, Behind Lindars, Barnabas. Behind the Fourth Gospel: Studies in Creative Criticism. London: Talbot, 1971. |
| Hughes, Hebrews Hughes, Graham. Hebrews and Hermeneutics: The Epistle to the Hebrews as a New Testament Example of Biblical Interpretation. SNTSMS 36. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Hultgren, «Footwashing» Hultgren, Arland J. «The Johannine Footwashing (13.1–11) as Symbol of Eschatological Hospitality.» NTS 28 (1982): 539–46. Hume, «Miracles» Hume, David. «Of Miracles.» Pages 29–44 in In Defense of Miracles: A Comprehensive Case for God " s Action in History. Edited by R. Douglas Geivett and Gary R. Habermas. Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity, 1997. Hunt, «Paraclete» Hunt, Dwight. «Jesus» Teaching Concerning the Paraclete in the Upper Room Discourse.» Master of Theology thesis, Western Conservative Baptist Seminary, April 1981. Hunter, John Hunter, Archibald M. The Gospel according to John. Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965. Hunter, «John 11lb-42» Hunter, W. Bingham. «Contextual and Genre Implications for the Historicity of John 11 :41b-42.» JETS 28 (1985): 53–70. Hunter, Message Hunter, Archibald M. The Message of the New Testament. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1944. Hunter, Paul Hunter, Archibald M. The Gospel according to St. Pau1. Philadelphia: Westminster 1966. Hunter, Pedecessos Hunter, Archibald M. Paul and Hís Predecessors. Rev. ed. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1961. Hunter, Romans Hunter, Archibald M. The Epistle to the Romans. London: SCM, 1955. Hunter, «Trends» Hunter, Archibald M. «Recent Trends in Johannine Studies.» ExpTim 71 (1959–1960): 164–67. Hunter, «Trends (Continued)» Hunter, Archibald M. «Recent Trends in Johannine Studies (Continued).» ExpTim 71 (1959–1960): 219–22. Huntingford, «Axum» Huntingford, G. W. B. «The Kingdom of Axum.» Pages 22–29 in The Dawn of African History. Edited by Roland Oliver. London: Oxford University Press, 1961. Hurtado, Mark Hurtado, Larry W. Mark. Good News Commentary. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1983. Hurtado, One God Hurtado, Larry. One God, One Lord: Early Christian Devotion and Ancient Jewish Monotheism. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1988. |
| Hays, John H. Amos, His Time and Preaching: The Eighth Century Prophet. Nashville: Abingdon, 1988. Hiers, Richard H. «Day of the Lord.» ABD, 2:8284. Hill, Andrew. Malachi. AB. New York: Doubleday, 1987. Killers, Delbert R. Micah. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984. House, Paul R. Old Testament Theology. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998. House, Paul R. The Unity of the Twelve. Sheffield: Almond Press, 1990. House, Paul R. Zephaniah. A Prophetic Drama. Sheffield: Almond Press. 1988. Hubbard, David. Joel and Amos. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1989. Hubbard, David. With Bands of Love: Lessons from the Book ofHosea. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969. llugenberger, Gordon P. Marriage as a Covenant: Biblical Law and Ethics as Developed from Malachi. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998. Janzen, J. Gerald. «Eschatological Symbol and Existence in Habakkuk.» CBQ4A (1982): 394414. Janzen, J. Gerald. «Habakkuk 2:2–4 in the Light of Recent Philological Advances.» HTR 73 (1980): 5378. Jerernias, Jorg. The Book of Amos. OTL. Trans, by D.W. Scott. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1998. Johnson, D.E. «Fire in God " s House: Imagery from Malachi 3 in Peter " s Theology of Suffering ( 1Pet4:12–19 ).«7£T529 (1986): 285294. Judisch, Douglas. «The Historicity of Jonah.» CTQ63 (1999): 144157. Kaiser, Walter. Malachi: God " s Unchanging Love. Grand Rapids: Baker 1984. Kaiser, Walter.Micah-Malachi. WBC. Dallas: Word, 1992. Kidner, Derek. Love to the Loveless: The Story and Message of Hosea. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1991. King, Greg A. «The Day of the Lord in Zephaniah.» BSac 152 (1995): 1632. King, Greg A. «The Remnant in Zephaniah.» BSac 151 (1994): 414427. King, Philip J. Amos, Hosea, Micah: An Archaeological Commentary. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1988. King, Philip J. «The Eighth, the Greatest of Centuries?»/BL 108 (1989): 1315. Knight, G.A.F. Hosea: Introduction and Commentary. London: SCM Press, 1960. Kobayashi, Y. «Elkosh.» ABD, 2:476. Ksclman, J.S. «Zephaniah, Book of.» ABD, 6:10771080. |
| 166 R.M.Grant, «The Appeal to the Early Fathers», JTS 11 (1, 1960), pp.13–24, перепечатано в: R. M.Grant, After the New Testament: Studies in Early Christian Literature and Theology (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967). Более полный обзор см. в: J.Pelikan, The Christian Tradition, Vol.2: The Spirit of Eastern Christendom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), pp.8–36, «The Authority of the Fathers». 167 Oscar Cullmann, Peter: Disciple, Apostle, Martyr, trans. F.V.Filson (New York: Meridian Books, 1964), pp.158–162. 168 Среди современных редакторов таких серий – Крэмер (J.Gramer), Лицман (H.Lietzmann), Стааб (K.Slaab), Рейс (J.Reuss) и другие. Собрания толкований в английском переводе: Johanna Manley, ed., The Bible and, the Holy Fathers for Orthodox: Daily Scripture Readings and Commentary (Menlo Park: Monastery Books, 1990), и, под ee же редакцией: Grace for Grace: The Psalter and the Holy Fathers (Menlo Park: Monastery Books, 1992). 170 ed., «The Seven Ecumenical Councils», in The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Vol.14 (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991), pp.374–375. Примерно тысячу лет спустя, в связи с Реформацией и опасностью протестантской миссионерской активности, патриарх Иеремия III в окружном послании 1723 года запретил православным христианам даже чтение Писания! Очевидно, это не общая позиция Православной церкви, а пастырская мера, предпринятая с целью защитить верующих во времена, когда церковь не имела свободы и средств для обеспечения своих членов систематическим христианским образованием. 171 Symeon the New Theologian: Discourses, trans. C.J. de Catanzaro, опубликованы в серии The Classic of Western Spirituality (New York: Paulist, 1980). B этих и некоторых других случаях содержание серии не соответствует ее назнанию. См. особ. речи 13, 15–18 и 28–34. Подробнее о св. Симеоне см. главу 7 и Приложение II. 172 В числе прочих назову: R.P.C. Hanson, Allegory and Event (London: SCM Press, 1959); G.W.H. Lampe and K.J.Woolkombe, Essays on Typology (Naper-ville: Allenson, 1957); G.A.Banois, The Face of Christ in the Old Testament (Crestwood: St.Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1974); и исследования Панагопулоса. См. также руководства по патристической экзегезе, указанные ранее, в сноске 152. |
| 3 Elaine Pagels, Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas (New York: Random House, 2003), 32. Pagels is talking about the so-called Nag Hammadi texts, discovered near the Egyptian village of Nag Hammadi in 1945. In fact, the entire ‘Nag Hammadi library’, as it is sometimes called, totalling somewhat more than 1,000 papyrus pages, tumbled out of a single broken um about two feet high at the time of its discovery, and the standard, modem English translation occupies a single paperback volume that sits comfortably in the palm of one hand. That English edition is: James M. Robinson (general editor), The Nag Hammadi Library in English (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1990). For the story of the discovery, including the height of the um, see Bart D. Ehrman, Lost Christianities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), 52; also W. C. van Unnik, Newly Discovered Gnostic Writings: A Preliminary Survey of the Nag Hammadi Find (London: SCM Press, 1960), 10. For the number of pages, see Christoph Markschies, Gnosis: An Introduction, tr. J. Bowden (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 2003), 49. 4 Stephen Prothero, American Jesus: How the Son of God Became a National Icon (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2003), 7 – 8. 5 For an account of the Council and the question of the authenticity of the list, see the still authoritative B. F. Westcott, A General Survey of the History of the Canon of the New Testament, 6th edn. (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1980; repr. of 1889 original), 431 – 9. The list of New Testament books is identical to the contents of the traditional New Testament except that it omits the book of Revelation. 6 Bart Ehrman, ‘Christianity Turned on Its Head: The Alternative Vision of the Gospel of Judas’, in R. Kasser, M. Meyer, and G. Wurst (eds.), The Gospel of Judas from Codex Tchacos (Washington, DC: National Geographic, 2006), 77 – 120, at 118. See also Ehrman, Lost Christianities, whose chapters include titles such as ‘The Arsenal of the Conflicts: Polemical Treatises and Personal Slurs’ and ‘Additional Weapons in the Polemical Arsenal: Forgeries and Falsifications’. |
| Croy, «Neo-Pythagoreanism» Croy, N. Clayton. «Neo-Pythagoreanism.» Pages 739–42 in Dictionary of New Testament Background. Edited by Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter. Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity, 2000. Croy, «Religion» Croy, N. Clayton. «Religion, Persona1.» Pages 926–31 in Dictionary of New Testament Background. Edited by Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter. Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity, 2000. Cryer, «Prologue» Cryer, Ceci1. «The Prologue of the Fourth Gospe1.» ExpTim 32 (1920–1921): 440–43. Culham, «Archives» Culham, Phyllis. «Archives and Alternatives in Republican Rome.» Classical Philology 84 (1989): 100–115. Cullmann, «Approach» Cullmann, Oscar. «A New Approach to the Interpretation of the Fourth Gospe1.» ExpTim 71 (1959–1960): 8–12, 39–43. Cullmann, Christology Cullmann, Oscar. The Christology of the New Testament. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1959. Cullmann, Church Cullmann, Oscar. The Early Church. Edited by A. J. B. Higgins. London: SCM, 1956. Cullmann, Circle Cullmann, Oscar. The Johannine Circle. Translated by John Bowden. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1976. Cullmann, Peter Cullmann, Oscar. Peter: Disciple-Apostle-Martyr. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1953. Cullmann, «Πτρα» Cullmann, Oscar. «Πτρα.» TDNT6:95–99. Cullmann, «Πτρος, Κηφας» Cullmann, Oscar. «Πτρος. Κηφς,» TDNT6:100–12. Cullmann, «Qumran Texts» Cullmann, Oscar. «The Significance of the Qumran Texts for Research into the Beginnings of Christianity.» JBL 74 (1955): 213–26. Cullmann, State Cullmann, Oscar. The State in the New Testament. New York: Scribner, 1956. Cullmann, Time Cullmann, Oscar. Christ and Time. Translated by Floyd V. Filson. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1950. Cullmann, Worship Cullmann, Oscar. Early Christian Worship. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1953. Culpepper, Anatomy Culpepper, R. Alan. Anatomy of the Fourth Gospel: A Study in Literary Design. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1983. Culpepper, «Culture» Culpepper, R. Alan. «The Gospel of John as a Document of Faith in a Pluralistic Culture.» Pages 107–27 in «What Is John?» Readers and Reading of the Fourth Gospe1. Edited by Fernando F. Segovia. SBLSymS 3. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1996. |
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