| Материал из Православной Энциклопедии под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла Содержание ИТАЛИЯ. V Церковная музыка Средние века Благодаря географическим условиям и различным культурным влияниям церковное пение в позднеантичной и раннесредневек. И. развивалось в рамках неск. родственных традиций, связанных с местными особенностями совершения богослужения: староримского пения - в Центр. Италии, амвросианского пения - в Медиолане (Милане) и окрестностях и собственных певч. традиций - в Аквилее (см. ст. Аквилейский обряд ) и Равенне на севере, беневентанского пения (см. в ст. Беневентанский обряд ) - на юге. В греч. мон-рях Юж. Италии, Сицилии и Рима, а также в городах, находившихся под властью Византийской империи (в частности, в Равенне), богослужебное пение следовало визант. традиции или испытало влияние последней (см. разд. «Церковное пение» в ст. Византийская империя ). Предание приписывает меры по упорядочению богослужебного пения неск. Римским папам, начиная с Дамаса I (366-384), в частности свт. Григорию I Великому (590-604) - создание репертуара, впосл. названного его именем, и основание корпорации римских певчих - schola cantorum. Однако эти сведения являются легендарными. Так, источники той эпохи не содержат свидетельств об особом интересе свт. Григория к вопросам церковного пения, а совр. исследователи считают, что schola cantorum появилась только во 2-й пол. VII в., следов., любая певч. реформа, для к-рой требуется совместная работа певчих над репертуаром, до этого времени была невозможна ( Dyer. 1993 ; McKinnon. 1995. P. 201-202). Вероятно, ранее в Риме, а в др. итал. традициях и в более поздний период сложные песнопения исполнялись только солистами, что допускало определенный элемент импровизации; мелодии же простых песнопений, исполнявшихся общиной, были неизменными. Усилиями schola cantorum в Риме началось формирование единого корпуса праздничных песнопений - проприя мессы , в основном завершившееся при папе Григории II (715-731) ( McKinnon. 1992). Разделение на сольное и общинное пение для богослужения оффиция засвидетельствовано в ранних монашеских уставах - в «Regula magistri» (нач. VI в.), составленном для неизвестного мон-ря в окрестностях Рима, и в Уставе прп. Венедикта Нурсийского для мон-ря Монте-Кассино (30-е гг. VI в.) (см. изд.: Forman, Sullivan. 1997). В последнем подчеркивается, что сольное пение, как и чтение, необходимо поручать только тем братьям, к-рые своим пением могут назидать слушающих (Reg. Ben. 38). |
| Pannenberg, W. Jesus – God and Man. London: SCM Press, 1968. Pannenberg, W. Toward a Theology of Nature: Essays on Science and Faith. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 1993. Peacocke, A. Theology for a Scientific Age: Being and Becoming – Natural and Divine. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993. Pelikan, J. Christianity and Classical Culture: The Metamorphosis of Natural Theology in the Christian Encounter with Hellenism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993. Penrose, R. The Emperor’s New Mind. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Penrose, R. “Singularities and Time-Asymmetry.” In General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey, ed. S. W. Hawking and W. Israel, pp. 581 – 638. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Penrose, R., with A. Shimony, N. Cartwright, and S. Hawking. The Large, the Small and the Human Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Petrosky, T., and I. Prigogine. “Thermodynamic Limit, Hilbert Space and Breaking of Time Symmetry.” Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 11 (2000) pp. 373 – 382. Plass, P. C. “Timeless Time in Neoplatonism.” Modern Schoolman 55 (November 1977): pp. 1 – 19. Poincaré, H. Méthhodes nouvelles de la mécanique céleste. 1892. Reprint, New York: Dover, 1957. Polkinghorne, J. Belief in God in an Age of Science. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. Prestige, G. L. God in Patristic Thought. London: SPCK, 1955. Prigogine, I. From Being to Becoming. New York: Freeman, 1980. Prigogine, I. “La redécouverte du temps.” L’Homme 28:4 (1988): pp. 5 – 26. Prigogine, I. “What Is Time?” In Metaphysics as Foundation: Essays in Honor of Ivor Leclerc, ed. P. A. Bogaard and G. Treash, pp. 285 – 294. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993. Prigogine, I. “Why Irreversibility? The Formulation of Classical and Quantum Mechanics for Nonintegrable Systems.” International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 53 (1995): pp. 105 – 118. Prigogine, I., and I. Stengers. Order out of Chaos. London: Heinemann, 1984. Russell, R. J., N. Murphy, and C. J. Isham, eds. Quantum Cosmology and the Laws of Nature. |
| Mackie, J. L. (1982) The Miracle of Theism. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Mann, R. (2005) Inconstant multiverse. Perspectives on Science and the Christian Faith 57:4, 302–310. McGinn, C. (1999) The Mysterious Flame: Conscious Minds in a Material World. New York: Basic Books. McGrew, T. and Me Grew, L. (2005) A response to Robin Collins and Alexander R. Pruss. Philosophia Christi 7,425–443. McGrew, T., Me Grew, L., and Vestrup, E. (2001) Probabilities and the fine-tuning argument: a skeptical view. Mind 110, 1027–1038. Mena, O. and Santiago, J. (2006) Constraining inverse-curvature gravity with supernovae. Physical Review Letters 96,041103. Narlikar, J. V. (2002) An Introduction to Cosmology, 3rd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Oppy, G. (2006) Arguing about Gods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Otte, R. (2006) Counterfactuals and epistemic probability. Synthese 152:1, 83–94. Page, D. (2006) Is our universe decaying at an astronomical rate? http://arxiv.org/abs/hep–th/0612137 (accessed April 10,2008). Parsons, K. (1990) Is there a case for Christian theism? In J.P. Moreland and K. Nielsen (eds.), Does God Exist? The Great Debate, 177–196. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson. Peacock, J. (1999) Cosmological Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Plantinga, A. (1993) Warrant and Proper Function. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Plantinga, A. (2000) Warranted Christian Belief. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Polchinski, J. (1998) String Theory, vols. I and II. Cambridge Monographs in Mathematical Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Rees, M. (2000) Just Six Numbers: The Deep Forces that Shape the Universe, New York: Basic Books. Rice, H. (2000) God and Goodness. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Royall, R. (1997) Statistical Evidence – A Likelihood Paradigm. London: Chapman and Hall. Sahni, V. and Starobinsky, A. (1999) The case for a positive cosmological lambda-term. http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9904398 (accessed March 15, 2008). Salmon, W. (1984) Scientifi c Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. |
| L. Shinnie, Medieval Nubia (1954), http://rumkatkilise.org/nubia.htm. Elizabeth Isichei, A History of Christianity in Africa (Grand Rapids,MI: Eerdmans, 1995); Bengt Sundkler and Christopher Steed, A History of the Church in Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000); Sir Laurence Kirwin, Studies on the History of Late Antique and Chris tian Nubia (Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Variorum, 2002); Derek A. Welsby, The Medieval Kingdoms of Nubia (London: British Museum, 2002). For the influence of Alexandria, see Stephen J. Davis, The Early Coptic Papacy (Cairo and New York: American Univ. in Cairo Press, 2005). Donald Crummey, “The Ethiopian Orthodox Tawahedo Church,” in Cambridge History of Christianity: Eastern Christianity, ed. Michael Angold (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2006), 457–62. Isichei, History of Christianity in Africa; Sundkler and Steed, History of the Church in Africa. “No country in the world” is from Father Jeronimo Lobo, “Voyage to Abyssinia,” See also Isichei, History of Christianity in Africa, 52. Sir E. A. Wallis Budge, The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son Menyelek, 2 nd ed. (London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1932); Taddesse Tamrat, Church and State in Ethiopia, 1270 – 1527 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972). Koschorke, Ludwig, and Delgado, History of Christianity, 141. For the threat to the Nile, see Browne, Eclipse of Christianity in Asia. Walls, “Eusebius Tries Again.” W. A. Wigram, An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church (Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2004; first published 1909). W. H. C. Frend, The Rise of the Monophysite Movement (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1972); Cornelia B. Horn, Asceticism and Christological Controversy in Fifth-Century Palestine (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2006). Patrick T. R. Gray, The Defense of Chalcedon in the East (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1979); E. W. Brooks, ed., A Collection of Letters of Severus of Antioch, 2 vols. (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1985–2003); Jan-Eric Steppa, John Rufus and the World Vision of Anti-Chalcedonian Culture (Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2002); Ramsay MacMullen, Voting About God in Early Church Councils (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. |
| Thomas E. FitzGerald BIBLIOGRAPHIC ESSAY This essay is intended to be a guide for further investigation into aspects of Orthodox Christianity in general and the Orthodox in America in particular. It is not meant to be an exhaustive bibliography. Special attention is given to the writings of American Orthodox theologians and church historians. GENERAL HISTORIES AND INTRODUCTIONS TO ORTHODOX THOUGHT General introductions to the history of the Orthodox Church can be found in John Meyendorff " s The Orthodox Church (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1981) and Alexander Schmemann " s The Historical Road of Eastern Orthodoxy (Crest-wood, NY: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1977). The most popular general history, and often more accessible than the two books previously mentioned, is from the British Orthodox bishop Timothy (Kallistos) Ware, The Orthodox Church (New York: Penguin Books, rev. ed., 1993). For studies dealing with particular historical periods of the Orthodox Church, see John Meyendorff, Imperial Unity (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1989) and Byzantium and the Rise of Russia (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1989); Richard Haugh, Photius and the Carolingians (Belmont, MA: Nordland, 1975); Anthony-Emil Tachiaos, Cyril and Methodios of Thessalonica: The Acculturation of the Slavs (Thessaloniki: Rekos, 1989); Demetrios Constantellos, Byzantine Philanthropy and Social Welfare (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1968); J. M. Hussey, The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986). Among the best general histories of the Byzantine period are George Ostrogorsky, History of the Byzantine State (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968) and Dimitri Obolinsky, The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500–1453 (London: Cardinal, 1971). Issues related to the schism between Eastern and Western Christianity are discussed in John Meyendorff " s Byzantine Theology (New York: Fordham University Press, 1974). Some aspects of the church under Ottoman rule are covered in Steven Runciman " s The Great Church in Captivity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968). |
| «Assyrian Oracles and Prophecies.» Translated by Robert H. Pfeiffer. ANET 449–450. Athenaeus. The Deipnosophists. Translated by Charles Burton Gulick. 7 vols. LCL. London: Heine-mann, 1927–1941. Augustine. Tractates on the Gospel of John 1–112 . Translated by John W. Rettig. Fathers of the Church 78–79, 88, 90, 92. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1988–1995. Aulus Gellius. The Attic Nights. Translated by John C . Rolfe. 3 vols. Rev. ed. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1927–1952. Babrius and Phaedrus. Translated by Ben Edwin Perry. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965. «Babylonian and Assyrian Historical Texts.» Translated by A. Leo Oppenheim. ANET 265–317. The Babylonian Talmud. Edited by Isidore Epstein. London: Soncino, 1948. 2 Baruch. Translated by A. F. J. Klijn. OTP 1:615–52. 3 Baruch. Translated by H. E. Gaylord Jr. OTP 1:653–79. 4 Baruch. Translated by S. E. Robinson. OTP 2:418–25. See also Paraleipomena Jeremiou. The Book of the Dead or Going Forth by Day: Ideas of the Ancient Egyptians Concerning the Hereafter as Expressed in Their Own Terms. Translated by Thomas George Allen. Prepared for publication by Elizabeth Blaisdell Hauser. Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 37. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974. Caesar. Alexandrian, African, and Spanish Wars. Translated by A. G. Way. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1955. Caesar, The Civil Wars. Translated by A. G. Peskett. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1914. Caesar. The Gallic War. Translated by H. J. Edwards. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Pres, 1917. Callimachus. Aetia, Iambi, Lyric Poems, Hecale, Minor Epic and Elegiac Poems, and other Fragments. Translated by C. A. Trypanis. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958. Callimachus. Hymns and Epigrams. Translated by A. W. Mair. Rev. ed. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1955. Catullus. Translated by Francis Warre Cornish. Revised by G. P. Goold. 2d ed. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1988. |
| Men, Alexander. Awake to Life!: Easter Cycle. Translated from the Russian by M. Sapiets. New York: Bowerdean Press, 1992. 96 p. Meyendorff, John. Byzantine Legacy in the Orthodox Church. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1982. 268 p. Bibliography: p. 257–259. -. Byzantine Theology: Historical Trends and Doctrinal Themes. 2d ed. NY: Fordham University Press, 1987. viii, 243 p. Bibliography: p. 229 –238. -. Catholicity and the Church. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1983. 160 p. -. Christ in Eastern Christian Thought. Washington, DC: Corpus Books, 1969. ix, 218 p. Translation of Le Christ dans la theologie byzantine. Mother of God: A Symposium. By members of the Fellowship of St. Alban and St. Sergius. Eric Lionel Mascall, ed. London: Dacre Press, 1949. 80 p. Nellas, Panayiotis. Deification in Christ: Orthodox Perspective on the Nature of the Human Person. Translated from the Greek by Norman Russell; with a foreword by Bishop Kallistos of Diokleia. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1987. 254 p. (Contemporary Greek theologians; n. 5.) Translation of Zoon theoumenon. Bibliography: p. 239–242. Nichols, Aidan. Rome and the Eastern Churches: A Study in Schism. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1992. xiv, 338 p. Oleksa, Michael. Orthodox Alaska: A Theology of Mission. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1992. Orthodox Perspectives on Pastoral Praxis: Papers of the Intra-Orthodox Conference on Pastoral Praxis (24–25 September 1986) Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology (1937–1987). Edited by Theodore Stylianopoulos. Brookline, MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 1988. xiv, 202 p. (Holy Cross 50th anniversary studies; v. 1.) Orthodox Synthesis: The Unity of Theological Thought: An Anthology Published in Commemoration of the Fifteenth Anniversary of Metropolitan Philip as Primate of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America. Joseph J. Allen, ed. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1981. 231 p. |
| Ovid. Metamorphoses. Translated by Frank Justus Miller. 2 vols. 2d ed. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1916–1921. Ovid. Tristia and Ex Ponto. Translated by Arthur Leslie Wheeler. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1924. Paraleipomena Jeremiou. Edited and translated by Robert A. Kraft and Ann-Elizabeth Purintun. Texts and Translations 1, Pseudepigrapha Series 1. Missoula, Mont.: Society of Biblical Literature, 1972. Pausanias. Description of Greece. Translated by W. H. S. Jones and H. A. Ormerod. Index by R. E. Wycherley. 5 vols. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1918–1935. Persius. In Juvenal and Perseus. Translated by G. G. Ramsay. Rev. ed. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940. Pervigilium Veneris. Translated by J. W. Mackai1. 2d ed., revised by G. P. Goold. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1988. Pesikta de-Rab Kahana: R. Kahanás Compilation of Discourses for Sabbaths and Festival Days. Translated by William G. Braude and Israel J. Kapstein. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1975. Pesikta Rabbati. Translated by William G. Braude. 2 vols. Yale Judaica Series 18. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. Petronius. Satyricon, Fragments, and Poems. Translated by W. H. D. Rouse. LCL. London: Heinemann, 1913. Phaedrus. See Babrius and Phaedrus. Philo. Translated by F. H. Colson, G. H. Whitaker, and R. Marcus. 12 vols. LCL, 1929–1962. Philostratus, Flavius. Heroikos. Translated and edited by Jennifer K. Berenson Maclean and Ellen Bradshaw Aitken. Prologue by Gregory Nagy, xi-xxxv. Epilogue by Hemut Koester, 257–64. SBL Writings from the Greco-Roman World 1. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2001. Philostratus, Flavius. The Life of Apollonius of Tyana. Translated by F. C. Conybeare. 2 vols. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1912. Philostratus, Flavius, and Eunapius. The Lives of the Sophists. Translated by Wilmer Cave Wright. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1921. Pindar. Odes. Translated by William H. Race. 2 vols. LCL. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997. |
| D. Oliver Herbel BIBLIOGRAPHY Introduction Agadjanian, Alexander and Victor Roudometof, «Introduction: Eastern Orthodoxy in a Global Age – Preliminary Considerations.» In Eastern Orthodoxy in a Global Age: Tradition Faces the Twenty-First Century, edited by Victor Roudometof, Alexander Agadjanian, and Jerry Pankhurst, 1–26. Walnut Creek, California: AltaMira Press, 2005. Behr, John. The Mystery of Christ: Life in Death. Crestwood, New York: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 2006. Berger, Peter L. «Orthodoxy and the Pluralistic Challenge.» In The Orthodox Parish in America: Faithfulness to the Past and Responsibility for the Future, edited by Anton C. Vrame, 33–42. Brookline, Massachusetts: Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 2003. Bicha, Karel D. «Hunkies: Stereotyping the Slavic Immigrants, 1890–1920.» Journal of American Ethnic History 2:1 (1982), 16–38. Bjerring, Nicholas. «Which the True Church: A Roman Catholic Savant Renounces Rome.» The Sun, January 12, 1870. Bozeman, Theodore Dwight. To Live Ancient Lives: The Primitivist Dimension in Puritanism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988. Breck, John. Scripture in Tradition: the Bible and its Interpretation in the Orthodox Church. Crestwood, New York: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 2000. Brookline, Massachusetts. «Some Further Thoughts on Religion and Modernity.» Sociology 49(2012), 313–316. Calhoun, Craig, Mark Jurgensmeyer, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen. Rethinking Secularization. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Cherry, Conrad ed. God " s New Israel: Religious Interpretation of American Destiny. Revised edition, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998. Ferencz, Nicholas. American Orthodoxy and Parish Congregationalism. Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press, 2006. Fisch, Thomas, ed. Liturgy and Tradition: Theological Reflections of Alexander Schmemann. Crestwood, New York: St. Vladimir " s Seminary Press, 1990. Gallaher, Brandon. « " Waiting for the Barbarians»: Identity and Polemicism in the Neo-Patristic Synthesis of Georges Florovsky.» Modern Theology 27:4 (2011), 659–691. |
| Borges, Jorge Luis. Selected Poems (bilingual edition). Edited by A. Coleman. New York: Viking, 1999. Boyarin, Daniel. A Radical few: Paul and the Politics of Identity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. Brkic, Pero. Martin Heidegger und die Theologië ein Thema in dreifacher Fragestellung. Mainz: Matthias Grunewald, 1994. Brown, Raymond E. The Gospel of John and Epistles of John: A Concise Commentary. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press, 1988. Bultmann, Rudolf. History and Eschatology. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1957. Burnyeat, M. F. «Wittgenstein and Augustin “De Magistro».» Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 61 (1987): 1–24. Capelle, Philippe. Philosophie et theologie dans la pensee de Martin Heidegger. Paris: Editions du Cerf, 1998. Caputo, John D. Heidegger and Aquinas: An Essay on Overcoming Metaphysics. New York: Fordham University Press, 1982. – . The Mystical Element in Heideggers Thought. New York: Fordham University Press, 1986. – . The Prayers and Tears of Jacques Derridä Religion without Religion. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997. – . Radical Hermeneutics: Repetition, Deconstruction, and the Hermeneutic Project. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987. Carabine, Deirdre, The Unknown God: Negative Theology in the Platonic Tradition, Plato to Eriugena. Louvain: Peeters Press, W. B. Eerdemans, 1995. Carnap, Rudolph. The Logical Structure of the World. Translated by Rolf A. George. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967. Cavell, Stanley. Philosophical Passages: Wittgenstein, Emerson, Austin, Derrida. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995. Certeau, Michel de. La Fable mystiquë XVV-XVlV siecle. Paris: Gallimard, 1982. – . “La Fiction de Thistoirë lécriture de Moise et le monothéisme.» In Lecriture de lhistoire. Paris: Editions du SeuiL 1975. , Jean-Louis. LAppel et la rtponse. Paris: Editions de Minuit, 1992. Translated by Anne A. Davenport as The Call and the Response. New York: Fordham University Press, 2004. – . LArche de la parole. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1999. |
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