| Mayr-Harting H. The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England. L., 1972. McKitterick R. Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany: Personal connections and local influences. 8th Brixworth Lecture 1990, Vaughan Paper, 36. Leicester, 1991. McKitterick R. Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany: Reflections on the Manuscript Evidence//McKitterick R. Books, Scribes and Learning in the Frankish Kingdoms, sixth to ninth centuries. Aldershot, 1994. Meaney A.L. Bede and Anglo-Saxon Paganism//Parergon 3. 1985. Pp. 1–29. Meens R. A background to St Augustine’s mission to Anglo-Saxon England//Anglo-Saxon England. 23. 1994. Pp. 5–18. Meyvaert P. Bede and the Church Paintings at Wearmouth-Jarrow//Anglo-Saxon England, 8. 1979. Pp. 63–77. Mills S., Webster L. Selected finds from the Anglo-Saxon monastery at Jarrow, Tyne and Wear//The Making of England. Anglo-Saxon Art and Culture AD 60–900/Eds. L. Webster, J. Backhouse. L., 1991. Pp. 138–40. Mitchell B. Anglo-Saxon double monasteries//History Today, 45.10. Pp. 33–9. Moisl Н. The Bernician Royal Dynasty and the Irish in the Seventh Century//Peritia, 2. 1983. Pp. 103–126. Myers J.N.L. The Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes//British Academy Proceedings, 56. 1970. Pp. 145–74. Myres J.N.L. The Adventus Saxonum//Aspects of Archaeology in Britain and Beyond. L., 1951. Pp. 221–41. Myres J.N.L. The English settlements. Oxf., 1989. О Cròinin D. The Irish Provenance of Bede’s Computus//Peritia, 2. 1983. Pp. 229–247. O " Brian E. Contacts between Ireland and Anglo-Saxon England in the Seventh Century//Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History 6. 1993. Pp. 93–102. Owen G. Rites and Religion of the Anglo-Saxons. Newton Abbot, 1981. Parsons D. Sites and Monuments of the Anglo-Saxon Mission in Central Germany//The Archaeological Journal 140. 1983. Pp. 280–321. Pheifer J.D. Early Anglo-Saxon Glossaries and the School of Canterbury//Anglo-Saxon England. Camb., 1987. Reece R. The Later Roman Empire. Tempus, 2000. Richter M. The English Link in Hiberno-Frankish relations//Ireland and Northern France AD 600–850/Ed. J.-M. Picard Dublin, 1991. |
| Godfrey C.J. The Church in Anglo-Saxon England. Camb., 1962. Greenaway G. Saint Boniface: three biographical studies for the twelfth centenary festival. L., 1955. Harrison K. The Framework of Anglo-Saxon History to A.D. 900. Camb., 1976. Henderson G. Bede and the Visual Arts. Jarrow Lecture, 1980. Higgitt J. The Iconography of St. Peter in Anglo-Saxon England and St. Cuthbert’s Coffin//St. Cuthbert, his Cult and his Community to AD 1200/Eds. G. Bonner, D. Rollason, C. Stancliffe. Woodbridge, 1989. Pp. 267–285. Higham N.J. The Kingdom of Northumbria AD 350–1100. Stroud, 1993. Higham N. Rome, Britain and the Anglo-Saxons (Archaeology of Change). L,1993. Hill D. An Atlas of Anglo-Saxon England. Oxf., 1981. Hines J. Britain after Rome: Between Multiculturalism and Monoculturalism//Cultural Identity and Archaeology: The Construction of European Communities/Eds. P. Graves-Brown, S. Jones, C. Gamble. L, 1996. Hooke D. The Anglo-Saxon Landscape: The Kingdom of Hwicce. Manchester, 1985. Hope-Taylor B. Yeavering: an Anglo-British centre of Early Northumbria. L, 1977. Hughes K. Early Christianity in Pictland. Jarrow Lecture, 1970. Hughes K. Evidence for Contacts between the Churches of the Irish and the English from the Synod of Whitby to the Viking Age//England Before the Conquest: Studies in Primary Sources presented to Dorothy Whitelock/Ed. P. Clemoes, K. Hughes. 1971. Pp. 49–67. Hughes K. The Church in Early Irish Society. L., 1966. Hunter Blair P. An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England. Camb., 1956, 2nd ed. 1977. Hunter Blair P. The Bernicians and their Northern Frontier//Studies in Early British History/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. Camb., 1954. Pp. 137–172. Hunter Blair P. The Letters of Pope Boniface V and the Mission of Paulinus to Northumbria//England Before the Conquest/Ed. P. Clemoes, K. Hughes. Camb., 1971. Pp. 5–13. Hunter Blair P. The Northumbrians and their Southern Frontier//Archaeologia Aeliana, 4th ser, xxvi. 1948. Pp. 98–106. Hunter Blair P. Whitby as a Centre of Learning in the Seventh Century//Learning and Literature in Anglo-Saxon England: Studies presented to Peter Clemoes/Ed. M. Lapidge, H. Gneuss. Camb., 1985. Pp. 3–32. |
| Ritchie A. Iona. L., 1997. Rollason D.W. The Cults of Murdered Royal Saints in Anglo-Saxon England//Anglo-Saxon England, 11. 1983. Pp. 1–22. Rollason D.W. The Mildrith Legend: A Study in Early Medieval Hagiography in England. Leicester, 1982. Saints, Scholars, and Heroes/Eds. M.H. King, W. Stevens. Collegeville, 1979. Sawyer P.H. From Roman Britain to Norman England. L., 1978. Sharpe R. Some Problems concerning the Organization of the Church in Early Medieval Ireland//Peritia, 3. 1984. Pp. 230–270. Snyder C.A. An Age of Tyrants, Britain and Britons AD 400–600. Stroud, 1998. Speak S. Excavations at Church Bank, Jarrow//Archaeology North, 1. 1991. Pp. 28–9. St. Cuthbert, his Cult and Community to A.D. 1200/Eds. G. Bonner, C. Stancliffe, D. Rollason. Woodbridge, 1989. Stancliffe C. Cuthbert and the Polarity between Pastor and Solitary//St. Cuthbert, his Cult and his Community to AD 1200/Eds. G. Bonner, D. Rollason, C. Stancliffe. Woodbridge, 1989. Pp. 21–44. Stenton F.M. Anglo-Saxon Heathenism//Preparatory to Anglo-Saxon England, being the collected papers of Frank Merry Stenton/Ed. D.M. Stenton. Oxf., 1970. Pp. 281–97. Stenton F.M. Anglo-Saxon England. 3rd edn. Oxf., 1971. Storms G. Anglo-Saxon Magic. Folcroft, 1975. Studies in Early British History/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. Camb., 1954. Studies in the Early British Church/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. Camb., 1958. Sullivan R.E. The Carolingian Missionary and the Pagan//Speculum, 28. 1953. Pp. 705–40. Talbot С.Н. St. Boniface and the German Mission//The Mission of the Church and the Propagation of the Faith/Ed. G. J. Cuming. Oxf., 1970. Pp. 45–57. Taylor H.M., Taylor J. Anglo-Saxon Architecture. 3 vols. Camb., 1965–78. Thacker A. Lindisfarne and the origins of the cult of St. Cuthbert//St. Cuthbert, his cult and community to A.D. 1200 ed. G. Bonner, C. Stancliffe and D. Rollason, 103–22. Woodbridge, 1989. Thacker A. Some Terms for Noblemen in Anglo-Saxon England, c. 650–900//Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History, 2/Ed. D. Brown, J. Campbell, S.C. Hawkes. Brit. Arch. Reports, Brit. Ser., 92. 1981. Pp. 201–236. |
| 11 Historia Ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. Libri V a Venerabilis Bedae scripti ab veterum Anglo-Saxonum Rege Alfredo examinati ejusque paraphrasi saxonica eleganter explicati. Accesserunt anglo-saxonica leges. Camb., ex. off. Rogeri Daniel, 1644. 14 Colgrave B., Mynors R.A.B. Op. cit.; Bede. Ecclesiastical History of the English People/Transl. L. Sherley-Price. L.: Penguin, 1955. Rep. 1965, 1968, 1990. 16 Werner K. Beda Der Ehrwürdige Und Seine Zeit. Wien, 1881; Plummer Ch. Bede’s Ecclesiastical History. Notes//Venerabilis Baedae Opera Historica. V. 2. Oxf., 1896. 18 Kemble J.M. The Saxons in England: A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest. V.l. L., 1876. 19 Stenton F.M. Anglo-Saxon England. Oxf., 1934; Collingwood R,G., Myres J.N.L. Roman Britain and English Settlements. Oxf., 1936. 21 Hunter Blair P. An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England. Camb., 1956; Dumville D. Sub-Roman Britain: History and Legend//History, 62. 1977. Pp. 173–92; Sims-Williams P. The Settlement of England in Bede and the Chronicle//Anglo-Saxon England, 12. 1983. Pp.1–41. 22 Kirby D. The Earliest English Kings. L.,1991; John E. Orbis Britanniae and the Anglo-Saxon Kings//Orbis Britanniae. Leicester, 1966. Pp. 1–63; Diesner H.J. Fragen DerMacht- Und Herrshaftsstruktur Bei Beda. Mainz, 1981. 25 Laistner M. A Hand-List of Bede Manuscripts. Ithaca. N.Y., 1943; Idem. The Intellectual Heritage of the Early Middle Ages. Ithaca, N.Y., 1957. 26 Bedae Opera de Temporibus/Ed. Ch.W. Jones. Camb. (Mass.), 1943; Jones Ch. Bede as Early Medieval Historian//Medievalia et Humanistica. Boulder, 1946. V.4. 27 Colgrave В. Introduction//Bede’s Ecclesiastical History//Ed. В. Colgrave, R.A.B. Mynors. Oxf., 1969. 28 Hanning R.W. The Vision of History in Early Britain. N.Y., L., 1966; Hunter Blair P. Northumbria in the Days of Bede. N.Y., 1976; Hunter Blair P. The World of Bede. L., 1970; Ray R.D. Bede and Rhetoric//Anglo-Saxon England, 16. 1988; Ray R.D. Bede, the Exegete, as Historian//Famulus Christi: Essays in Commemoration of the Thirteenth Centenary of the Birth of the Venerable Bede/Ed. G. Bonner. L, 1976; McClure J. Bede’s Old Testament Kings//Ideal and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society: Studies presented to J.M.Wallace-Hadrill/Eds. P. Wormald, D. Bullough, R. Collins. Oxf., 1983; Mayr-Harting H. Bede’s Patristic Thinking as Historian//Historiographie im frühen Mittelalter/Eds. A. Scharer, G. Scheibelreiter. Wien, 1994. Pp. 367–374. |
| Collingwood R.G., Myres J.N.L. Roman Britain and English Settlements. Oxf., 1936. Cramp R. A Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculptures. Oxf., 1984. Cramp R. Early Northumbrian Sculpture at Hexham//Saint Wilfrid at Hexham/Ed. D.P. Kirby. Pp. 115–140. Cramp R. Decorated window-glass and millefiori from Monkwearmouth//Antiquaries Journal 50, 1970. Pp. 327–35. Cramp R.J. Excavations at the Saxon monastic sites of Wearmouth and Jarrow//Medieval Archaeology 13, 1969. Pp. 21–66. Cramp R.J. Monkwearmouth and Jarrow//Famulus Christi: Essays in Commemoration of the Thirteenth Centenary of the Birth of the Venerable Bede/Ed. G. Bonner. L, 1976. Pp. 12–14. Cramp R.J. Window-glass from the monastic site of Jarrow//Journal of Glass Studies 17. 1975. Pp. 88–96. Crawford S.J. Anglo-Saxon Influence on Western Christiendom 600–800. Oxf., 1933. Dark K. Britain and the End of the Roman Empire. Stroud, 2000. Deansley M. Augustine of Canterbury. L, 1964. Deansley M. The Pre-Conquest Church in England. L, 1961. 2 ed. 1963. Dodwell C.R. Anglo-Saxon Art. A New Perspective. Manchester, 1982. Duckett E.S. Anglo-Saxon Saints and Scholars. N.Y., 1947. Duncan A.A.M. Bede, Iona and the Picts//The Writing of History in the Middle Ages: Essays presented to R.W. Southern/Ed. R.H.C. Davis, J.M. Wallace-Hadrill. Oxford 1981. Pp. 1–42. England before the Conquest. Studies in Primary Sources presented to Dorothy Whitelock/Ed. P. Clemoes, K. Hughes. Camb., 1971. Esmonde Cleary A.S. The ending of Roman Britain. L., 1989. Fairless P.J. Northumbria’s Golden Age: the Kingdom of Northumbria AD 547–735. York, 1994. Fisher D.J.V. The Anglo-Saxon Age c. 400–1042. L., 1973. Fletcher E. The influence of Merovingian Gaul on Northumbria in the seventh century//Medieval Archaeology 20. 1980. Pp. 69–81. Fletcher R. Who’s Who in Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England. L., 1989. Fowler D.C. The Bible in Early English Literature. Washington, 1976. Gameson R. Saint Augustine of Canterbury. Canterbury, 1997. Gelling M. Further thoughts on pagan place-names//Place-Name Evidence for the Anglo-Saxon Invasion and Scandinavian Settlements/Ed. K. Cameron. Nottingham, 1975. Pp. 99–114. |
| Durant W. The Age of Faith. The History of Medieval Civilisation. N.Y., 1950. Edwards H. The Charters of the Early West Saxon Kingdom. Oxf., 1988. Fell Ch. Women in Anglo-Saxon England. L, 1984. Fialon E. Étude Historique et Littéraire sur St.Basile suivie de I’Hexameron. Р. 1869. Folklore, Myths And Legends Of Britain. L., 1973. Furber E.Ch. Changing Views on British History. Harvard, 1966. Galbraith V.H. Kings and Chroniclers: Essays In English Medieval History. L. 1982. Ghellink J. de. Le mouvement théologique du XII siècle. P., 1914. Goffart W, The Narrators of Barbarian History (A.D. 550–800). Princeton, 1988. Ker W.P. Medieval English Literature. [Rep] Oxf., 1969. Kitson P. Lapidary traditions in Anglo-Saxon England: part II, Bede’s «Explanatio Apocalypsis» and related works//Anglo-Saxon England, 12. Camb., 1983. Laistner M.L.W. The Intellectual Heritage of the Early Middle Ages. Ithaca, 1957. Laistner M.L.W. Thought and Letters in Western Europe A.D.500–900. L., 1957. Lester G.A. The Anglo-Saxons. How They Lived And Worked. Nevton Abbot, 1976. Marsh H. Dark Age Britain. Newton Abbot, 1970. New Readings on Women in Old English Literature. Bloomington, 1990. O " Donnell J.F. The Vocabulary of the Letters of St.Gregory. Washington, 1934. Old English Homily And Its Backgrounds/Ed. P.E. Szarmach. N.Y., 1978. Palumbo E.M. The Literary Use of Formules in Guthlac II and their Relation to Felix’s Vita. Houton, 1977. Quennell M. Everyday Life In Roman And Anglo-Saxon Times. L., N.Y., 1959. Robbins F.S. The Hexaemeral Literature. Chicago, 1912. Roger M. L’enseignement des lettres classiques. P., 1905. Robertson A.J. Anglo-Saxon Charters. Camb., 1956. Saints, Scholars and Heroes: Studies in Medieval Culture in Honor of Charles W. Jones/Ed. M. King. 2 vols. Collegeville Minn, 1979. Stenton F.M. The Latin Charters Of The Anglo-Saxon Period. Oxf., 1955. Sterns I. The Greater Medieval Historians: an Interpretation and a Bibliography. Washington, 1981. Taylor Н.О. The Mediaeval Mind. V.l. Camb., 1911. |
| The Anglo-Saxon Church: Papers on History, Architecture, and Archaeology in Honour of Dr. H.M. Taylor/Eds. L.A.S. Butler, R.K. Morris. The Council for British Archaeology, Research Report, 60. 1986. The Anglo-Saxons/Ed. J. Campbell. Oxf., 1982, reprinted 1991. The Anglo-Saxons: Studies presented to Bruce Dickins/Ed. P. Clemoes. L, 1959. The Archaeology of Anglo-Saxon England/Ed. D. Wilson. L.,1976. The greatest Englishman: essays on St. Boniface and the church at Crediton/Ed. T. Reuter. Exeter, 1980. The Making of England, Anglo-Saxon Art and Culture, AD 600–900/Eds. L. Webster, J. Backhouse. L, 1991. The Mission of St Augustine to England According to the Original Documents//Ed. A.J. Mason. Camb., 1897. The Origins of Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms/Ed. S. Bassett. Oxf., 1989. The Relics of Saint Cuthbert/Ed. C.F. Battiscome. Oxf., 1956. The Transformation of the Roman World AD 400–900/Eds. L. Webster, M. Brown. L., 1997. Thomas A.C. Bede, Archaeology and the Cult of Relics. Jarrow Lecture, 1973. Thomas A.C. The Early Christian Archaeology of North Britain. Oxf., 1971. Thompson A.H. Northumbrian Monasticism//Bede: His Life, Times and Writings/Ed. A.H. Thompson. Oxf., 1935. Tristram H.L.C. Early Insular Preaching: Verbal Artistry and Method of Composition. Wien, 1995. Wallace-Hadrill J.M. A Background to St. Boniface’s Mission//Early Medieval History. Oxf., 1975. Pp. 138–54. Wallace-Hadrill J.M. Rome and the Early English Church: Some questions of Transmission//Early Medieval History. Oxf., 1975. Pp. 519–48. Wallace-Hadrill J.M. Rome and the Early English Church: Some Questions of Transmission//Spoleto, 2. 1960. Pp. 519–548. Ward B. High King of Heaven: aspects of early English Spirituality. Kalamazoo, 1999. Ward B. The Spirituality of St. Cuthbert//St. Cuthbert, his Cult and his Community to AD 1200/Eds. G. Bonner, D. Rollason, C. Stancliffe. Woodbridge, 1989. Pp. 65–76. Wilson D. Anglo-Saxon Paganism. L, 1992. Wilson D.M. The Art and Archaeology of Bedan Northumbria//British Archaeological Reports, 46. 1978. Pp.1–22. |
| Most of the ancient Irish manuscripts were lost in this stormy period, the surviving ones often being taken to the Continent by monks. Early in the 11th century King Brian of Munster sent messengers to the Continent to buy back some of the ancient manuscripts. This monastic vacuum opened the door for the Roman Church to obtain a foothold in Ireland, with large numbers of Augustinian and Benedictine monasteries eventually replacing the lost native ones. The migration of Irish monks to the Continent was brought about not only by the negative aspect of Viking invasions, but also by the positive aspect of the attraction of the Carolingian court in France, who welcomed intellectuals from other parts of Western Europe. This explains the presence of notable Irish scholars such as Martin Hiberniensis, Sedulius Scotus and John Scottus Eriugena at the Frankish centres of learning during the ninth century. Through their educational work on the Continent the Irish monks brought about the end of the Dark Ages there. Most of Western Europe followed Rome in its breach with the multinational East, formalized by mutual excommunications in 1054 and sealed by the sacking of Constantinople by Roman Catholic Crusaders in 1204. For Western Christianity this severance from its Middle Eastern and Greek roots would prove to be disastrous from every point of view – theological, moral, cultural, and socio-political. However, the Irish Church remained for all practical purposes an autonomous Church, even though it was not formally in communion with the Orthodox Church in the Middle East, the Eastern Roman Empire and Kievan Rus. The Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland, first under Strongbow in 1170 and a year later under the Anglo-Norman King Henry II, was therefore encouraged by Pope Adrian IV, the first and only Englishman to occupy the pontifical throne, in order to bring the Irish Church into the Roman fold. Already in 1154 Adrian had issued a papal bull calling for a Norman invasion of Ireland, so that ‘the true Christian religion’ (i.e. Roman Catholicism) could be planted in Ireland. |
| Bullough D.A. The Missions to the English and Piets and their Heritage//Die Iren und Europa im früheren Mittelalter/Ed. H. Löwe. Stuttgart, 1982. Pp. 80–98. Bullough D.A. Burial, Community and Belief in the Early Medieval West//Ideal and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society: Studies presented to J.M. Wallace-Hadrill/Eds. P. Wormald, D. Bullough, R. Collins. Oxf., 1983. Pp. 177–201. Bullough D.A. Columba, Adomnan and the Achievement of Iona//Scottish Historical Review, 43. 1964. Pp. 111 –30; 44, 1965. Pp. 17–33. Campbell J. Bede, the First Century of English Christianity//Ampleforth Journal 76. 1971. Pp. 12–29. Campbell J. Observations on the Conversion of England: A Brief Commemorative Review Article//Campbell J. Essays in Anglo-Saxon History. L., 1986. Pp. 69–84. Campbell J. The Church in Anglo-Saxon Towns//The Church in Town and Countryside/Ed. D. Baker. Studies in Church History, 16. 1979. Pp. 119–36. Campbell J. The Debt of the Early English Church to Ireland//Irland und die Christenheit/Ed. P.N. Chathain, M. Richter. 1987. Pp. 332–46. Campbell J.J. To Hell and Back//Viator, 13. 1982. Carpenter S.C. The Church in England (597– 1688). L., 1954. Carruthers L. Apocalypse now: Preaching and Prophecy in Anglo-Saxon England//Etudes Anglaises. Grande-Bretagne – Etats-Unis. T. 51, P., 1998. Celt and Saxon: Studies in the Early British Border/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. Camb., 1963. Chadwick H. Gregory the Great and the Mission to the Anglo-Saxons//Gregorio Magno e il suo tempo. 33. 1991. Pp. 119–212. Chadwick H.M. Vortigern//Studies in Early British History/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. Camb., 1954. Charles-Edwards T.M. Bede, the Irish and the Britons//Celtica, 15. 1983. Pp. 42–52. Charles-Edwards T.M. The Social Background to Irish Peregrinatio//Celtica, 11. 1976. Pp. 43–59. Christianity in Britain, 300–700/Ed. M.W. Barley, R.P.C. Hanson. Leicester, 1968. Clemoes P. The Cult of Oswald on the Continent. Jarrow Lecture, 1983. Colgrave B. The Earliest Life of St. Gregory the Great written by a Whitby Monk//Celt and Saxon: Studies in the Early British Border/Ed. N.K. Chadwick. 1963. Pp. 119–137. |
| L’Église orthodoxe russe a récemment fondé l’Exarchat patriarcal d’Afrique et travaille sur le continent africain à la pastorale des expatriés russes, ainsi qu’à celle des chrétiens orthodoxes locaux. La nécessité de développer notre présence en Afrique est apparue après le schisme survenu dans le monde orthodoxe. En même temps, la présence de l’Église orthodoxe russe sur le territoire de l’Afrique n’est pas une innovation sans précédent. Des paroisses russes ont commencé à être fondées sur le continent dès la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe. Ainsi, des églises ont été bâties en Abyssinie en 1889 et en 1896. L’Église orthodoxe russe dispose en permanence d’une paroisse en Égypte depuis 1914. Après la révolution, et avec l’afflux de réfugiés russes, de nombreuses paroisses ont ouvert sur le continent africain : une église a été consacrée à Tunis en 1920, en 1922 une paroisse a été fondée à Alger ; en 1927, des paroisses orthodoxes russes ont ouvert au Maroc. En 1998, j’ai moi-même consacré la première église russe d’Afrique du Sud. En tant que président du Département des relations ecclésiastiques extérieures du Patriarcat de Moscou, puis en tant que patriarche, j’ai visité 18 pays du continent africain entre 1971 et 2016 : au Nord, au Sud, à l’Est, à l’Ouest, et dans le centre. Je considère comme particulièrement marquante ma rencontre avec M. Nelson Mandela, chez lui à Soweto, début novembre 1990. Cette même année, le 11 février, il avait été libéré de prison, et je crois avoir été le premier étranger qu’il ait reçu. M. Mandela m’a demandé de transmettre aux autorités de l’Union soviétique sa gratitude pour son aide décisive dans le soutien et la livraison du nécessaire pour la lutte contre le régime d’apartheid. Comme on sait, il est devenu président de l’Afrique du Sud en 1994. A présent, permettez-moi de revenir à l’actualité. A mon grand regret, en 2019, le patriarche Théodore, primat de l’Église grecque d’Alexandrie, a décidé sous la force de pressions extérieures de reconnaître une organisation schismatique en Ukraine, contrevenant par-là gravement aux canons ecclésiastiques. Ces tristes circonstances, je le répète, ont incité l’Église orthodoxe russe à fonder en décembre 2021 l’Exarchat patriarcal d’Afrique, dont la mission est de prendre soin aussi bien des expatriés russes sur le continent que des chrétiens d’Afrique désireux de découvrir l’antique tradition orthodoxe préservée par l’Église russe. |
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